Git essential commands

Git essential commands

In this article we will explore git and some important commands to use Git.  As you know Git is used for version control. There are some commands that are used by developers on daily basis while committing.  Here are some useful Git commands.

Make  Changes

Initializing a git repository. (To create a new git repository).

git init

Lists all new or modified files to be committed

git status

Shows the file differences not yet staged

git diff

Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning

git add <filename>

Shows file differences between staging and the last file version

git diff --staged

Unstages the file, but preserves its contents

git reset <filename>

Committing a file –  File snapshots permanently in version history. We have to add a message describing the change made.

$ git commit - m "Added new registration form"

Configuration

Sets the name you want attached to your commit transactions

git config --global user.name "name"

Sets the email you want attached to your commit transactions

git config --global user.email "email address"

Enables helpful colorization of command line output

git config --global color.ui auto

Creating Repositories

Start a new repository or obtain one from an existing URL

Creates a new local repository with the specified name

$ git init project-name

Downloads a project and its entire version history

git clone <url>

Git Branches

Name a series of commits and combine completed efforts

Lists all local branches in the current repository

git branch

Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory

git branch branch-name

Combines the specified branch’s history into the current branch

git merge branch

Deletes the specified branch

git branch -d branch- name

Synchronize Changes

Register a repository bookmark and exchange version history

Downloads all history from the repository

git fetch bookmark

Combines bookmark’s branch into current local branch

git merge bookmark/branch

Uploads all local branch commits to GitHub

git push alias branch

Refactor Filename

Relocate and remove versioned files

Deletes the file from the working directory and stages the deletion

git rm file

Removes the file from version control but preserves the file locally

git rm --cached file

Changes the file name and prepares it for commit

git mv file-original file-renamed

Save Fragments

Shelve and restore incomplete changes

Temporarily stores all modified tracked files

git stash

Lists all stashed changesets

git stash list 

Restores the most recently stashed files

git stash pop

Discards the most recently stashed changeset

git stash drop

Redo Commits

Erase mistakes and craft replacement history

Undoes all commits after commit, preserving changes locally

git reset commit

Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit

git reset --hard commit

Review History

Browse and inspect the log history of project files

Lists version history for the current branch

git log

file Lists version history for a file, including renames

git log --follow

Shows content differences between two  branches

git diff first-branch...second-branch

Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit

git show commit

These are some basic commands used by developers in their day to day work.  thanks for reading and do visit again to have more inflammatory articles.